- Top reward
- $1,500
- Top severity paid
- Critical
- Assets in scope
- 7
- Public CVEs
- 49
- Last change
- No changes yet
At a glance
What to know before you start testing.
- Pays from $1,500
- for critical bugs.
- Report on Sorona
- Submit through the program page.
- Partial safe harbor
- Some legal protection; read the terms.
- Publish after a fix
- Coordinate the timing with the company.
Rewards
What Sorona lists as the payout for each severity.
| Severity | Relative size | Reward |
|---|---|---|
| Critical | $1,500+ | |
| High | $700+ | |
| Medium | $300+ | |
| Low |
|
$100 $100 / 1 month Claude Max |
- Safe harbor
-
Partial
Sorona will not pursue legal action against you for good-faith research submitted to us in line with this policy. We cannot speak for the upstream project, its vendor, or any third party, and we do not grant authorization on their behalf.
Summarised with AI from the program policy on Sorona, read 12 Nov 2026, and checked word for word against it. Read the original
Scope
7 assets you may test, 5 excluded.
Web 1
- https://www.strongswan.org
Products and areas 6
- Credential and PKI handling in the pki tool and the credential plugins: X.509 chain building, CRL and OCSP processing, and the RSA and ECDSA verification paths
- Reports go to the strongSwan security address, which also serves as the project's OSS-Fuzz contact, and the object is the upstream strongSwan tree rather than a vendor's appliance fork or another IPsec implementation
- The authentication plugin family end to end, EAP-TLS, EAP-TTLS and EAP-MSCHAPv2 included, together with the identity-matching logic that turns an exchange into an authentication decision
- The charon daemon in full: the IKEv1 and IKEv2 message parsers reachable pre-authentication on UDP/500 and UDP/4500, and the state machine behind them
- The kernel interface plugins, kernel-netlink above all, and XFRM policy and SA installation, where a policy confusion becomes a traffic-selector bypass
- The vici and swanctl control interface and the legacy stroke socket
Out of scope (5)
- Kernel XFRM and IPsec bugs, which belong to the Linux kernel scope row rather than to strongSwan
- Libreswan and other IPsec implementations, which are separate projects with no OSS-Fuzz integration and no pathway
- One-line fixes for non-exploitable crashes, which the Patch Rewards rules exclude
- Vendor firmware forks shipped inside appliances rather than the upstream repository
- Weak proposals or pre-shared keys the operator chose, which is configuration rather than a code defect
Rules
What the policy asks of you, and the bug types it won't reward, quoted from Sorona's policy.
While testing
-
Send a detailed, reproducible report to the strongSwan security address, which is also the project's OSS-Fuzz contact; if it cannot be reproduced it is not eligible
-
Give the maintainers room to ship a fix and publish their advisory before any public writeup
-
Findings in Libreswan or another IPsec implementation belong with that project.
-
The Google patch money is a separate pathway: you land the fix upstream yourself and keep it merged, without reverts, for one month
-
Submit through sorona.xyz.
Not accepted
-
Weak proposals or pre-shared keys the operator chose, which is configuration rather than a code defect
-
Kernel XFRM and IPsec bugs, which belong to the Linux kernel scope row rather than to strongSwan
-
Vendor firmware forks shipped inside appliances rather than the upstream repository
-
One-line fixes for non-exploitable crashes, which the Patch Rewards rules exclude
-
one-liner fixes for non-exploitable crashes are not rewarded
Summarised with AI from the program policy on Sorona, read 12 Nov 2026, and checked word for word against it. Read the original
Changes
Tracked since 11 Nov 2026. Last checked 1 hour ago.
No changes yet. When the rewards or scope move, you will see it here and in the RSS feed.
Public CVEs
Published vulnerabilities in this vendor's products, from the NVD.
| CVE | Summary | Severity | Published |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2026-78135 | libcharon in strongSwan 5.9.7 through 6.0.7 mishandles behavioral workflow in the IKEv2 state machine. Because CREATE_CHILD_SA requests are mishandled, there can be an authentication bypass. | Medium 5.6 | 11 Sep 2026 |
| CVE-2026-78132 | strongSwan 5.1.3 through 6.0.7 has an infinite loop in the x509 plugin's attribute certificate parser for ietfAttrSyntax. | High 7.5 | 11 Sep 2026 |
| CVE-2026-78133 | libcharon in strongSwan 6.0.0 through 6.0.7 has a use-after-free in IKEv2 rekeying collision handling. | High 7.5 | 11 Sep 2026 |
| CVE-2026-78134 | strongSwan 4.5.0 through 6.0.7 has Incorrect Access Control in the eap-ttls and eap-peap plugins because there can be a missing or mismatched inner EAP identity. | High 7.1 | 11 Sep 2026 |
| CVE-2026-78124 | strongSwan 5.0.2 through 6.0.7 allows PKCS#7 certificate enumeration in the openssl plugin that leads to a lack of release of memory after its effective lifetime. | Low 3.7 | 11 Sep 2026 |
| CVE-2026-78126 | strongSwan 4.1.10 through 6.0.7 allows a NULL pointer dereference in the eap-aka plugin. | Medium 5.9 | 11 Sep 2026 |
| CVE-2026-78127 | libcharon in strongSwan 4.1.2 through 6.0.7 has a missing release of memory after its effective lifetime in the IKE message parser. | Low 3.7 | 11 Sep 2026 |
| CVE-2026-78129 | strongSwan 4.6.2 through 6.0.7 has an infinite loop in PKCS#5 decryption. | Medium 5.9 | 11 Sep 2026 |
| CVE-2026-78130 | strongSwan 4.2.0 through 6.0.7 has a NULL pointer dereference in the x509 plugin's attribute certificate parser. | High 7.5 | 11 Sep 2026 |
| CVE-2026-78131 | strongSwan 4.2.0 through 6.0.7 has a missing release of memory after its effective lifetime in the x509 plugin's attribute certificate parser. | Low 3.7 | 11 Sep 2026 |
| CVE-2026-78123 | strongSwan 5.0.2 through 6.0.7 has an Expired Pointer Dereference in PKCS#7 parsing in the openssl plugin. | Medium 5.9 | 11 Sep 2026 |
| CVE-2026-25998 | strongMan is a management interface for strongSwan, an OpenSource IPsec-based VPN. When storing credentials in the database (private keys, EAP secrets), strongMan encrypts the corresponding database fields. So far it used AES in CTR mode with a global database key. Together with an initialization vector (IV), a key stream is generated to encrypt the data in the database fields. But because strongM | High 8.7 | 19 Feb 2026 |
| CVE-2022-4967 | strongSwan versions 5.9.2 through 5.9.5 are affected by authorization bypass through improper validation of certificate with host mismatch (CWE-297). When certificates are used to authenticate clients in TLS-based EAP methods, the IKE or EAP identity supplied by a client is not enforced to be contained in the client's certificate. So clients can authenticate with any trusted certificate and claim | High 7.7 | 14 May 2024 |
| CVE-2023-41913 | strongSwan before 5.9.12 has a buffer overflow and possible unauthenticated remote code execution via a DH public value that exceeds the internal buffer in charon-tkm's DH proxy. The earliest affected version is 5.3.0. An attack can occur via a crafted IKE_SA_INIT message. | Critical 9.8 | 7 Dec 2023 |
| CVE-2023-26463 | strongSwan 5.9.8 and 5.9.9 potentially allows remote code execution because it uses a variable named "public" for two different purposes within the same function. There is initially incorrect access control, later followed by an expired pointer dereference. One attack vector is sending an untrusted client certificate during EAP-TLS. A server is affected only if it loads plugins that implement TLS- | Critical 9.8 | 15 Apr 2023 |
| CVE-2022-40617 | strongSwan before 5.9.8 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service in the revocation plugin by sending a crafted end-entity (and intermediate CA) certificate that contains a CRL/OCSP URL that points to a server (under the attacker's control) that doesn't properly respond but (for example) just does nothing after the initial TCP handshake, or sends an excessive amount of application data. | High 7.5 | 31 Oct 2022 |
| CVE-2021-45079 | In strongSwan before 5.9.5, a malicious responder can send an EAP-Success message too early without actually authenticating the client and (in the case of EAP methods with mutual authentication and EAP-only authentication for IKEv2) even without server authentication. | Critical 9.1 | 31 Jan 2022 |
| CVE-2021-41990 | The gmp plugin in strongSwan before 5.9.4 has a remote integer overflow via a crafted certificate with an RSASSA-PSS signature. For example, this can be triggered by an unrelated self-signed CA certificate sent by an initiator. Remote code execution cannot occur. | High 7.5 | 18 Oct 2021 |
| CVE-2021-41991 | The in-memory certificate cache in strongSwan before 5.9.4 has a remote integer overflow upon receiving many requests with different certificates to fill the cache and later trigger the replacement of cache entries. The code attempts to select a less-often-used cache entry by means of a random number generator, but this is not done correctly. Remote code execution might be a slight possibility. | High 7.5 | 18 Oct 2021 |
| CVE-2019-10155 | The Libreswan Project has found a vulnerability in the processing of IKEv1 informational exchange packets which are encrypted and integrity protected using the established IKE SA encryption and integrity keys, but as a receiver, the integrity check value was not verified. This issue affects versions before 3.29. | Low 3.1 | 12 Jun 2019 |
| CVE-2018-17540 | The gmp plugin in strongSwan before 5.7.1 has a Buffer Overflow via a crafted certificate. | High 7.5 | 3 Oct 2018 |
| CVE-2018-16151 | In verify_emsa_pkcs1_signature() in gmp_rsa_public_key.c in the gmp plugin in strongSwan 4.x and 5.x before 5.7.0, the RSA implementation based on GMP does not reject excess data after the encoded algorithm OID during PKCS#1 v1.5 signature verification. Similar to the flaw in the same version of strongSwan regarding digestAlgorithm.parameters, a remote attacker can forge signatures when small publ | High 7.5 | 26 Sep 2018 |
| CVE-2018-16152 | In verify_emsa_pkcs1_signature() in gmp_rsa_public_key.c in the gmp plugin in strongSwan 4.x and 5.x before 5.7.0, the RSA implementation based on GMP does not reject excess data in the digestAlgorithm.parameters field during PKCS#1 v1.5 signature verification. Consequently, a remote attacker can forge signatures when small public exponents are being used, which could lead to impersonation when on | High 7.5 | 26 Sep 2018 |
| CVE-2018-10811 | strongSwan 5.6.0 and older allows Remote Denial of Service because of Missing Initialization of a Variable. | High 7.5 | 19 Jun 2018 |
| CVE-2018-5388 | In stroke_socket.c in strongSwan before 5.6.3, a missing packet length check could allow a buffer underflow, which may lead to resource exhaustion and denial of service while reading from the socket. | Medium 6.5 | 31 May 2018 |
| CVE-2018-6459 | The rsa_pss_params_parse function in libstrongswan/credentials/keys/signature_params.c in strongSwan 5.6.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via a crafted RSASSA-PSS signature that lacks a mask generation function parameter. | Medium 5.3 | 20 Feb 2018 |
| CVE-2015-3991 | strongSwan 5.2.2 and 5.3.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (daemon crash) or execute arbitrary code. | Critical 9.8 | 7 Sep 2017 |
| CVE-2017-11185 | The gmp plugin in strongSwan before 5.6.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and daemon crash) via a crafted RSA signature. | High 7.5 | 18 Aug 2017 |
| CVE-2017-9023 | The ASN.1 parser in strongSwan before 5.5.3 improperly handles CHOICE types when the x509 plugin is enabled, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (infinite loop) via a crafted certificate. | High 7.5 | 8 Jun 2017 |
| CVE-2017-9022 | The gmp plugin in strongSwan before 5.5.3 does not properly validate RSA public keys before calling mpz_powm_sec, which allows remote peers to cause a denial of service (floating point exception and process crash) via a crafted certificate. | High 7.5 | 8 Jun 2017 |
| CVE-2015-8023 | The server implementation of the EAP-MSCHAPv2 protocol in the eap-mschapv2 plugin in strongSwan 4.2.12 through 5.x before 5.3.4 does not properly validate local state, which allows remote attackers to bypass authentication via an empty Success message in response to an initial Challenge message. | Medium 5.0 | 18 Nov 2015 |
| CVE-2015-4171 | strongSwan 4.3.0 through 5.x before 5.3.2 and strongSwan VPN Client before 1.4.6, when using EAP or pre-shared keys for authenticating an IKEv2 connection, does not enforce server authentication restrictions until the entire authentication process is complete, which allows remote servers to obtain credentials by using a valid certificate and then reading the responses. | Low 2.6 | 10 Jun 2015 |
| CVE-2014-9221 | strongSwan 4.5.x through 5.2.x before 5.2.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (invalid pointer dereference) via a crafted IKEv2 Key Exchange (KE) message with Diffie-Hellman (DH) group 1025. | Medium 5.0 | 7 Jan 2015 |
| CVE-2014-2891 | strongSwan before 5.1.2 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and IKE daemon crash) via a crafted ID_DER_ASN1_DN ID payload. | Medium 5.0 | 7 May 2014 |
| CVE-2014-2338 | IKEv2 in strongSwan 4.0.7 before 5.1.3 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication by rekeying an IKE_SA during (1) initiation or (2) re-authentication, which triggers the IKE_SA state to be set to established. | Medium 6.4 | 16 Apr 2014 |
| CVE-2013-6075 | The compare_dn function in utils/identification.c in strongSwan 4.3.3 through 5.1.1 allows (1) remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read, NULL pointer dereference, and daemon crash) or (2) remote authenticated users to impersonate arbitrary users and bypass access restrictions via a crafted ID_DER_ASN1_DN ID, related to an "insufficient length check" during identity compari | Medium 5.0 | 2 Nov 2013 |
| CVE-2013-6076 | strongSwan 5.0.2 through 5.1.0 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and charon daemon crash) via a crafted IKEv1 fragmentation packet. | Medium 5.0 | 2 Nov 2013 |
| CVE-2013-5018 | The is_asn1 function in strongSwan 4.1.11 through 5.0.4 does not properly validate the return value of the asn1_length function, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (segmentation fault) via a (1) XAuth username, (2) EAP identity, or (3) PEM encoded file that starts with a 0x04, 0x30, or 0x31 character followed by an ASN.1 length value that triggers an integer overflow. | Medium 4.3 | 28 Aug 2013 |
| CVE-2013-2054 | Buffer overflow in the atodn function in strongSwan 2.0.0 through 4.3.4, when Opportunistic Encryption is enabled and an RSA key is being used, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (pluto IKE daemon crash) and possibly execute arbitrary code via crafted DNS TXT records. NOTE: this might be the same vulnerability as CVE-2013-2053 and CVE-2013-2054. | Medium 5.1 | 9 Jul 2013 |
| CVE-2013-2944 | strongSwan 4.3.5 through 5.0.3, when using the OpenSSL plugin for ECDSA signature verification, allows remote attackers to authenticate as other users via an invalid signature. | Medium 4.9 | 2 May 2013 |
| CVE-2012-2388 | The GMP Plugin in strongSwan 4.2.0 through 4.6.3 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication via a (1) empty or (2) zeroed RSA signature, aka "RSA signature verification vulnerability." | High 7.5 | 27 Jun 2012 |
| CVE-2010-2628 | The IKE daemon in strongSwan 4.3.x before 4.3.7 and 4.4.x before 4.4.1 does not properly check the return values of snprintf calls, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted (1) certificate or (2) identity data that triggers buffer overflows. | High 7.5 | 20 Aug 2010 |
| CVE-2009-2661 | The asn1_length function in strongSwan 2.8 before 2.8.11, 4.2 before 4.2.17, and 4.3 before 4.3.3 does not properly handle X.509 certificates with crafted Relative Distinguished Names (RDNs), which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (pluto IKE daemon crash) via malformed ASN.1 data. NOTE: this is due to an incomplete fix for CVE-2009-2185. | Medium 5.0 | 4 Aug 2009 |
| CVE-2009-2185 | The ASN.1 parser (pluto/asn1.c, libstrongswan/asn1/asn1.c, libstrongswan/asn1/asn1_parser.c) in (a) strongSwan 2.8 before 2.8.10, 4.2 before 4.2.16, and 4.3 before 4.3.2; and (b) openSwan 2.6 before 2.6.22 and 2.4 before 2.4.15 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (pluto IKE daemon crash) via an X.509 certificate with (1) crafted Relative Distinguished Names (RDNs), (2) a crafted U | Medium 5.0 | 25 Jun 2009 |
| CVE-2009-1957 | charon/sa/ike_sa.c in the charon daemon in strongSWAN before 4.3.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (NULL pointer dereference and crash) via an invalid IKE_SA_INIT request that triggers "an incomplete state," followed by a CREATE_CHILD_SA request. | Medium 5.0 | 8 Jun 2009 |
| CVE-2009-1958 | charon/sa/tasks/child_create.c in the charon daemon in strongSWAN before 4.3.1 switches the NULL checks for TSi and TSr payloads, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service via an IKE_AUTH request without a (1) TSi or (2) TSr traffic selector. | Medium 5.0 | 8 Jun 2009 |
| CVE-2009-0790 | The pluto IKE daemon in Openswan and Strongswan IPsec 2.6 before 2.6.21 and 2.4 before 2.4.14, and Strongswan 4.2 before 4.2.14 and 2.8 before 2.8.9, allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (daemon crash and restart) via a crafted (1) R_U_THERE or (2) R_U_THERE_ACK Dead Peer Detection (DPD) IPsec IKE Notification message that triggers a NULL pointer dereference related to inconsistent | Medium 5.0 | 1 Apr 2009 |
| CVE-2008-4551 | strongSwan 4.2.6 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (daemon crash) via an IKE_SA_INIT message with a large number of NULL values in a Key Exchange payload, which triggers a NULL pointer dereference for the return value of the mpz_export function in the GNU Multiprecision Library (GMP). | Medium 5.0 | 14 Oct 2008 |
| CVE-2004-0590 | FreeS/WAN 1.x and 2.x, and other related products including superfreeswan 1.x, openswan 1.x before 1.0.6, openswan 2.x before 2.1.4, and strongSwan before 2.1.3, allows remote attackers to authenticate using spoofed PKCS#7 certificates in which a self-signed certificate identifies an alternate Certificate Authority (CA) and spoofed issuer and subject. | High 10.0 | 6 Dec 2004 |
Original policy
Copied from sorona.xyz on 12 Nov 2026. The summaries on this page are made from it; the live page may have changed since.
Skip to content What this pays This project runs no bounty of its own. sorona.xyz pays you directly on qualified, reproduced findings. Severity │ sorona.xyz pays Critical │ $1,500+ High │ $700+ Medium │ $300+ Low │ $100 / 1 month Claude Max Submit a vulnerability Separately, for a merged upstream patch : up to $5,000 Google Patch Rewards pays on the Tier 2 OSS-Fuzz row for a patch you get accepted upstream and that stays merged, without reverts, for one month. It does not pay for the report. Memory-safety work can carry a 2× or 3× multiplier. Sanctions and territory exclusions apply, and one-liner fixes for non-exploitable crashes are not rewarded. CVE history 9 Last 12 months 46 Lifetime Memory safety 35 % Auth bypass 25 % Denial of service 25 % Parsing/validation 10 % Latest advisories Loading the feed Overview strongSwan is the dominant open-source IKEv2 implementation and the IPsec stack of choice on Linux: the VPN engine inside a great many enterprise gateways, cloud site-to-site tunnels, Android's built-in IKEv2 client, OpenWrt and pfSense/OPNsense, telco and 5G core interconnect, and industrial remote access. IPsec is what enterprises reach for when compliance demands a standards-based tunnel, which puts strongSwan on the internet edge of exactly the estates that cannot be patched quickly. CVE-2023-41913 is the reference point: a stack overflow in Diffie-Hellman public-value handling, inside a daemon whose whole job is to be internet-facing. The project pays nothing for a report, so sorona.xyz pays you directly on a qualified, reproduced finding. In scope Reports go to the strongSwan security address, which also serves as the project's OSS-Fuzz contact, and the object is the upstream strongSwan tree rather than a vendor's appliance fork or another IPsec implementation The charon daemon in full: the IKEv1 and IKEv2 message parsers reachable pre-authentication on UDP/500 and UDP/4500, and the state machine behind them The authentication plugin family end to end, EAP-TLS, EAP-TTLS and EAP-MSCHAPv2 included, together with the identity-matching logic that turns an exchange into an authentication decision Credential and PKI handling in the pki tool and the credential plugins: X.509 chain building, CRL and OCSP processing, and the RSA and ECDSA verification paths The vici and swanctl control interface and the legacy stroke socket The kernel interface plugins, kernel-netlink above all, and XFRM policy and SA installation, where a policy confusion becomes a traffic-selector bypass Out of scope Libreswan and other IPsec implementations, which are separate projects with no OSS-Fuzz integration and no pathway Weak proposals or pre-shared keys the operator chose, which is configuration rather than a code defect Kernel XFRM and IPsec bugs, which belong to the Linux kernel scope row rather than to strongSwan Vendor firmware forks shipped inside appliances rather than the upstream repository One-line fixes for non-exploitable crashes, which the Patch Rewards rules exclude Most-valued findings Pre-authentication memory corruption in the charon IKE parsers on UDP/500 or UDP/4500. This is the top class here at 35%, the shape CVE-2023-41913 took in Diffie-Hellman public-value handling, and the one that turns an internet-facing gateway into remote code execution An authentication bypass through the EAP plugins or the identity-matching logic, the shape the 2021 EAP authentication bypasses took, which lets an unauthenticated peer establish a tunnel into the protected network Certificate or chain validation flaws in the credential plugins that make a bad certificate verify, since the whole IKEv2 trust model rests on that check Traffic-selector or XFRM policy confusion in the kernel-netlink plugin, where installed policy sends plaintext where the operator believed there was a tunnel, or accepts traffic it should have dropped A remotely triggerable crash in the pre-auth parser path with a real algorithmic cause, on a daemon whose availability is the site-to-site link itself Program rules Submit through sorona.xyz. This project runs no bounty of its own; we validate, coordinate disclosure with the maintainers, and pay you directly. Send a detailed, reproducible report to the strongSwan security address, which is also the project's OSS-Fuzz contact; if it cannot be reproduced it is not eligible Give the maintainers room to ship a fix and publish their advisory before any public writeup Findings in Libreswan or another IPsec implementation belong with that project. Neither is OSS-Fuzz integrated and neither has a pathway here The Google patch money is a separate pathway: you land the fix upstream yourself and keep it merged, without reverts, for one month strongSwan sits on the Tier 2 OSS-Fuzz row, so the patch ceiling is $5,000 rather than the $15,000 Tier 1 figure Google cannot pay anyone on a sanctions list, in a sanctioned territory, or located in Russia or Belarus Disclosure Coordinated with the strongSwan maintainers through [email protected] , which runs the project's own embargo process. Fixes land in a numbered release with a published advisory and researcher credit, so hold the detail until that release is out. Nothing in the Patch Rewards rules restricts who may help you prepare or route the report. Safe harbor Sorona will not pursue legal action against you for good-faith research submitted to us in line with this policy. We cannot speak for the upstream project, its vendor, or any third party, and we do not grant authorization on their behalf. You are responsible for understanding and following the laws that apply to you, wherever you are, and for staying within any scope the project has defined. Submit a vulnerability